今天，也是第五个中国航天日。 在这个特殊的日子里，中国火星探测任务也拥有了自己的名字。 国家航天局今天宣布，中国行星探测任务被命名为“天问（Tianwen）系列”，首次火星探测任务被命名为“天问一号”，后续行星任务依次编号。 China's first Mars exploration mission was officially named "Tianwen-1" on Friday, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA). The mission is to launch a Mars probe in 2020, aiming to complete orbiting, landing and roving in one mission. In 2016, China launched a global campaign for the name and logo of its first Mars Mission, and has received 35,000 submissions, after online polls. Tianwen series are names given to the planetary missions. “天问”一名源自战国时期诗人屈原创作的长诗《天问》，是屈原对于天地、自然和人世等一切事物现象的发问，表达了中华民族对于真理追求的坚韧与执着。体现了对自然和宇宙空间探索的文化传承，寓意探求科学真理征途漫漫、追求科技创新永无止境。 The name, Tianwen, which literally means ask the sky, comes from Chinese great poet Qu Yuan's long poem, reflecting Chinese people's persistence in truth seeking and the exploring nature and the universe.
“揽星九天”
国家航天局还发布了行星探测任务标识——“揽星九天”。“揽星九天”图案整体由字母“C”和代表太阳系八大行星的彩球组成。 彩球表达了宇宙的五彩缤纷以及科学发现的丰富多彩，而字母“C”的形象则汇集了中国行星探测（China）、国际合作精神（Cooperation）、深空探测进入太空的能力（C3）等多重含义。 Planetary Exploration of China are taken as a whole, with the logo including the planets. Eight planets of the solar system are lined up, representing the richness of scientific discoveries. Resembling the letter C, it stands for China's planetary missions, the spirit of cooperation, and the capability for deep space exploration.
当探索寰宇的梦想，遇见最浪漫的诗意
从屈原 “日月安属？列星安陈？”的天问，再到李白 “俱怀逸兴壮思飞，欲上青天览明月”的豪情。 从敦煌莫高窟传奇神秘的飞天壁画，再到明朝万户尝试飞天的壮举。 飞天梦，似乎与中华民族的历史一样沧桑悠远。 这个仰望星空，问鼎苍穹的瑰丽梦想如今延续到了新一代中国航天人身上。 而从中国航天科研成果的命名中，我们也能感受专属于中国航天人的浪漫和诗意。 “同宿望舒，参辔羲和” 2019年12月，中国天文学家发现的首颗太阳星系外行星及其母恒星获得了富有神话色彩的名字：“望舒”和“羲和”，分别寓意月亮女神和太阳女神。 In December 2019, the first exoplanets discovered by Chinese astronomers and its host star were named "Wangshu" and "Xihe," which mean moon goddess and sun goddess respectively in Chinese mythology. “白兔捣药秋复春，嫦娥孤栖与谁邻” “嫦娥奔月”的传说故事在中国家喻户晓，故事中嫦娥、玉兔等形象深入人心，而这一故事也代表了古人对月亮的憧憬和探索。 它也给了中国探月任务的命名提供了丰富的灵感：月球探测器被命名为“嫦娥”探测器，探测器上所搭载的月球车也得名“玉兔”。 “嫦娥四号”月球探测器模型 2019年1月，“嫦娥四号”探测器实现人类探测器首次月球背面软着陆。中国还命名了5个月球背面的地名，具有浓郁的“中国风”色彩：“嫦娥四号”着陆点被命名为天河基地；着陆点周围呈三角形排列的三个环形坑，得名织女、河鼓和天津；着陆点所在冯•卡门坑内的中央峰命名为泰山。 China's lunar probe is named after Chang'e, the goddess who flew to the moon after drinking a magic elixir that made her immortal. The lunar rover of the probe is named "Yutu," also known as "Jade Rabbit," which is the white pet rabbit of Chang'e. On January 3, 2019, Chang'e-4 probe successfully landed on the far side of the moon. This is the first ever soft-landing on this unchartered area. After the landing, Chinese scientists named Chang'e-4 probe's landing site and other four geographic entities. The landing site was named as "Statio Tianhe," which originates from the Chinese name for the Milky Way. It is also known as the sky river that separated Niulang and Zhinyu in the folk tale "the cowherd and the weaver girl." Three small craters that formed a triangle around the landing site were named "Zhinyu," "Hegu" and "Tianjin," which correspond to the characters in the tale. The name "Mons Tai" was assigned to the central peak of the crater Von Karman in which the landing occurred, named after Mount Tai, a mountain in east China's Shandong Province. “远汉碧云轻漠漠，今宵人在鹊桥头” 在牛郎织女的传说中，每年农历七月初七，无数喜鹊架起了让二人相聚的鹊桥。 “嫦娥四号”探测器和地面之间，也有一座“太空鹊桥”。2018年4月，为“嫦娥四号”探测器提供地月通信支持的中继星被命名为“鹊桥”。 In the folk tale "the cowherd and the weaver girl," there is a famous bridge called“Queqiao,” also known as the magpie bridge. The sky river separated the couple and they were allowed to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month of the lunar calendar. So magpies on that day group to make a bridge with their wings and help the couple meet. The relay satellite for the Chang'e-4 lunar probe is named "Queqiao." The relay satellite played a vital role in the lunar exploration program by transmitting signals that helped communication between people on earth and the probe on the far side of the moon. “瞒神唬鬼，铜筋铁骨，火眼金睛” 2015年12月，中国的暗物质粒子探测卫星被命名为“悟空”，取义“领悟、探索太空”。《西游记》中，孙悟空具有“火眼金睛”，取名“悟空”也寓意着探测卫星能在茫茫太空中识别暗物质的踪影。 China's Dark Matter Particle Explorer Satellite is dubbed "Wukong" and its name originates from the legendary figure "Monkey King" in the 16th-century Chinese novel "Journey to the West." Like the Monkey King who can see through objects with his sharp eyes, the satellite has the most sensitive and accurate detectors especially designed for dark matter in the space. Besides, the word "Wukong" also means comprehending and exploring space in Chinese. （部分中文综合自新华社、央视新闻）